The Drugs Wheel is discussed in the Open Access peer-reviewed paper, Jump-starting the conversation about harm reduction: making sense of drug effects, published by Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy. DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2021.2013774
Alquezar-Arbe, A. and Burillo-Putze, G. (2024) ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction & stoned: a bad trip, European Heart Journal – Acute CardioVascular Care, 13(4), pp. 333-334.
Bascombe F, Siefried KJ, Clifford B, Child S, Loos R, Sgouras H, et al. (2023) Methamphetamine and emerging drugs of concern: A training needs analysis of Australian alcohol and other drug helplines. Drug and Alcohol Review. 2023;42(7):1744-53.
Bennett K.H., Hare H.M., Waller R.M., et al. (2017) Characteristics of NPS use in patients admitted to acute psychiatric services. In Southeast Scotland: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis following public health interventions. BMJ Open 2017;7:e015716. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2016-015716
Brown K, Dennany L. (2022) Electrochemiluminescence sensors and forensic investigations: a viable technique for drug detection? Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022;94(5):535-45.
Charlton, J., Albanese, A. & Brodie, L. (2018) The challenges of type 1 diabetes and new psychoactive substance misuse. Practical Diabetes 35(3), 81-85a.
Comiskey C. (2024) Mortality, Overdose, and Drug-Related Deaths: How Do We Address Overdose Deaths and Underlying Risk and Protective Factors? In Addiction Research and Evaluation: Addressing Key Challenges for Policy and Practice. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland; 2024. p. 103-19.
Courtney, E. & Schofield, R. (Eds) (2025) Public Health Nursing in Canada: A Comprehensive Perspective on Community and Population Health. Toronto: Canadian Scholars.
Fletcher, E., Tasker, S., Easton, P. & Denvir, L. (2015) Improving the help and support provided to people who take new psychoactive substances (‘legal highs’). Journal of Public Health pp. 1–7 doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdv191.
Gilani, Dr. F. (2015) ‘Legal highs’: Novel psychoactive substances. InnovAiT, 8(12), 717–724. DOI: 10.1177/1755738015612509.
Hupli, Aleksi. (2021) Älyä lääkkeistä ja päihteistä?: Hyötykäytön sosiologiaa käyttäjien näkökulmasta. Helsinki: Siltala. ISBN 9789523882188
Karden A, Fragner T, Feichtinger C, Strizek J, McDermott DT, Grabovac I. (2025) Utilization of drug checking services in Austria: a cross-sectional online survey. Harm Reduction Journal. 2025;22(1):17.
Kristjánsdóttir KB. (2024) Frá óvissu til öryggis: Upplifun einstaklinga með geðfötlun og vímuefnaröskun af sértækri búsetu Reykjavíkurborgar.
Lebrero-Tatay, J., Sebag, A., & Ezquerra-Romano, I. (2022) Asymmetry in Psychoactive Research: A Bibliometric Study on 15 Psychoactive Drugs. Journal of Drug Issues, 52(4), 509-526. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426211068439.
Macdonald, I. (2019) Teen Substance Use, Mental Health and Body Image: Practical Strategies for Support. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Marillier, M. & Verstraete, A. (2019) Driving under the influence of drugs. WIREs Forensic Science 2019;e1326. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wfs2.1326
Marques M. (2025) Intervenção em crise relacionada com o uso de substâncias psicoativas em ambiente recriativo: avaliação de processo e de resultados. Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Católica Portuguesa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Psicologia. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/53033
Marwick, K. (2019) Crash Course Psychiatry Fifth Edition p.82. Elsevier ISBN: 9780702073830.
Measham, F. & Newcombe, R. (2016) What's So ‘New’ About New Psychoactive Substances? Definitions, Prevalence, Motivations, User Groups and A Proposed New Taxonomy. The SAGE Handbook of Drug and Alcohol Studies. 1(33), Editors: Torsten Kolind, Betsy Thom, Geoffrey Hunt. London: SAGE Pubications Ltd.
Megarbane, B., et al. (2020) Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning. Annals of Intensive Care, 10(1), 157. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9
Potter. G. R. & Chatwin, C. (2018) Not particularly special: critiquing ‘NPS’ as a category of drugs. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 25:4, 329-336, DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2017.1411885
Schwelm HM. (2023) Stimulanzien und Dissoziativa in der forensischen Toxikologie:: Studien zur Pharmakokinetik neuer psychoaktiver Substanzen mithilfe massenspektrometrischer Analyseverfahren: Dissertation, Universität Freiburg, 2023; 2023.
Schrooten J, Degreef M, Balcaen M. (2025) De Maatschappelijke Uitdagingen Omtrent Nieuwe Psychoactieve Stoffen. In: De Kimpe S, Debbaut S, Spapens T, Korf D, editors. Politie en Drugs. Cahiersb Politiestudies. 74: Gompel&Svacina; 2025. p. 247-262.
Solomon D, Grierson J, Godier-McBard L, Guirguis A. (2023) Experience and views of healthcare professionals towards people who use new psychoactive substances: Evidence from statutory, non-statutory, and private mental health and addiction healthcare services. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 2023;38(6):e2883.
Solomon, D., & Guirguis, A. (2024) Exploring healthcare professional’s engagements and experiences towards people who use new psychoactive substances in different addiction and mental healthcare services. Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 17(4), 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1108/add-02-2024-0004
Span C, Farah B, Ivetìc N, Stronach O. (2024) A scoping review of Australian literature on people who use MDMA and their harm reduction practices. Contemporary Drug Problems. 2024;51(1):25-44.
Stummvoll, G. (2022) SWaPOL–Social Work and Policing, Zeitschrift für Polizeiwissenschaft und polizeiliche Praxis, 19(5), pp. 92-103.
Tavares AC, Caetano AP, Teixeira M, Santos CC. (2023) Serviço Social e Comportamentos Aditivos e Dependências. O papel das Políticas de Intervenção Social. Revista Temas Sociais. 2023(5):115-27.
Novadic Kentron - Drugswiel.nl
Scottish Government New Psychoactive Substances Review
Training Curriculum: New Psychoactive Substances in Europe State of Affairs, Trends and Developments
The Society for the Study of Addiction
L'Express: Enquête sur les nouvelles drogues de synthèse



Spotted in the background of Grayson Perry's 'All Man' series for C4 by an eagle-eyed Drugs Wheel user!




The Drugs Wheel in use by Crew2000 at the What's Up 2013 event.






















